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The Vedic Knowledge Tree

Explore the structure of 5,000 years of wisdom — from the Vedas to daily practice

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BRAHMAN
Ultimate Reality
📜
Shruti
(Revealed)
4 Vedas + Upanishads
📖
Smriti
(Remembered)
Epics + Puranas
🧘
Practice
(Living)
Yoga + Meditation

The 4 Vedas

Each Veda has 4 layers: Samhita → Brahmana → Aranyaka → Upanishad

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Rigveda

1,028 Hymns

Prayers to Agni, Indra, Varuna. Oldest text in any Indo-European language.

SamhitaMantras — what to chant
BrahmanaRituals — how to perform
AranyakaForest teachings — why we do this
UpanishadPhilosophy — what is ultimate truth?
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Yajurveda

Ritual Formulas

Instructions for performing Yajnas (fire rituals). Two versions: Shukla (White) and Krishna (Black).

SamhitaRitual mantras for ceremonies
BrahmanaShatapatha Brahmana — detailed ritual guide
AranyakaSymbolic meaning of rituals
UpanishadBrihadaranyaka & Isha Upanishad
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Samaveda

Veda of Songs

Musical chants and melodies derived from Rigveda. Foundation of Indian classical music.

SamhitaMusical notation for Rigvedic hymns
BrahmanaChandogya Brahmana
AranyakaContemplative chanting
UpanishadChandogya Upanishad — "Tat Tvam Asi"
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Atharvaveda

Daily Life

Mantras for healing, protection, medicine, architecture, and daily prayer.

SamhitaHealing mantras and protective charms
BrahmanaGopatha Brahmana
AranyakaPhilosophical medicine
UpanishadMundaka, Mandukya, Prashna

Every Veda follows this structure:

Samhita
What to chant
Brahmana
How to perform
Aranyaka
Why we do this
Upanishad
Ultimate truth

The Upanishads (108+)

"Sit near the teacher" (upa-ni-shad) — The philosophical heart of Vedic wisdom

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Brahman
Universal Consciousness
Atman
Individual Soul
"Tat Tvam Asi" — You Are That — They are ONE
Maya = Illusion that they're separateMoksha = Realizing they're one
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Isha

"All this is God" — 18 verses, shortest Upanishad

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Kena

"By whom is the mind directed?" — nature of Brahman

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Katha

Nachiketa & Yama — what happens after death?

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Chandogya

"Tat Tvam Asi" (You are That) — Svetaketu & his father

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Brihadaranyaka

Yajnavalkya & Maitreyi — "What use is wealth?"

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Mundaka

"Two birds on a tree" — higher vs lower knowledge

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Mandukya

The meaning of OM — 4 states of consciousness

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Taittiriya

5 sheaths of the self (Pancha Kosha)

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Aitareya

Creation of the universe and nature of Atman

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Prashna

6 questions about the nature of reality

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Shvetashvatara

Personal God, Rudra-Shiva as Supreme

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Kaushitaki

Transmigration of the soul, prana as life force

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Maitri

Meditation, Sankhya philosophy, inner light

The Epics & Puranas

Stories that bring Vedic wisdom to life

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Ramayana

24,000 verses by Valmiki

Rama's journey of Dharma — exile, Sita's rescue, alliance with Hanuman, return to Ayodhya.

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Mahabharata

100,000 verses by Vyasa

Pandavas vs Kauravas, the game of dice, 18-day war at Kurukshetra. Contains the Bhagavad Gita.

Bhagavad Gita

700 verses

Krishna's counsel to Arjuna on the battlefield — the 3 paths to liberation.

The 18 Puranas

Ancient encyclopedias of mythology, cosmology, and dharma

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Brahma Purana

Creation of the universe, geography of Bharat, pilgrimage sites

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Brahmanda Purana

The cosmic egg — contains the Lalita Sahasranama (1000 names of the Goddess)

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Brahma Vaivarta Purana

Krishna and Radha — divine love and creation through transformation

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Markandeya Purana

Story of Markandeya who conquered death — contains Devi Mahatmya (glory of the Goddess)

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Bhavishya Purana

Prophecies of the future — sun worship, festivals, customs

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Vamana Purana

The dwarf avatar of Vishnu who measured the three worlds in three steps

Three Paths to Liberation

All rivers lead to the same ocean

✨ MOKSHA — Liberation ✨
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Karma Yoga

Path of Selfless Action

"Do your duty without attachment to results" — Bhagavad Gita Ch. 3

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Bhakti Yoga

Path of Devotion & Love

Surrender to God with complete love. Mirabai, Tulsidas, Chaitanya.

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Jnana Yoga

Path of Knowledge & Wisdom

Study, meditate, realize Brahman = Atman. Adi Shankaracharya.

🧭 Your Learning Path

Start here — one step at a time

1

Read Stories

Start with comic stories on katha.guru

Start →
2

Learn Basics

13 chapters on Sanatan Dharam

Start →
3

Explore Vedas

Pick one Veda, read about its 4 layers

4

Read Upanishads

Start with Isha (18 verses)

5

Daily Practice

Gayatri Mantra daily